🎯 目标词汇发音与释义 (Target Vocabulary)
associate with
/əˈsoʊʃieɪt wɪð/
phr.
📖 英文释义 · 词义解析
To connect someone or something in your mind with another thing.
与...联系在一起
💬 课本原句例句
A behavior more commonly associated with the opposite gender in many cultures.
在许多文化中，人们常常把某种特定的外貌特征与高贵的美德和威望联系在一起。
conform
/kənˈfɔːrm/
v.
📖 英文释义 · 词义解析
To behave according to the usual standards, rules, or social expectations.
顺从，遵从，随大流
💬 课本原句例句
Although there do seem to be certain physical traits that are considered universally appealing, it is also true that beauty does not always conform to a single uniform standard.
人们常常感到压力，不得不去顺从社会群体普遍认可的美学与行为标准。
consumer
/kənˈsuːmər/
n.
📖 英文释义 · 词义解析
A person who buys goods or services for personal use.
消费者，顾客
💬 课本原句例句
According to a recent report, one out of three consumers globally say they are spending more money on beauty and health care products than ever before.
各大化妆品品牌花费数以亿计的资金，来吸引并影响当代消费者的审美偏好。
desire
/dɪˈzaɪər/
n./v.
📖 英文释义 · 词义解析
A strong feeling of wanting to have or do something.
渴望，愿望
💬 课本原句例句
And there is at least one good reason for the desire to be attractive.
人类追求美丽和他人认可的强烈愿望，贯穿了人类历史的每一个时代。
devote
/dɪˈvoʊt/
v.
📖 英文释义 · 词义解析
To give time, effort, or resources entirely to a purpose.
奉献，投入（时间或精力）
💬 课本原句例句
Today, people continue to devote a lot of time and money to their appearance.
许多人每天将大量的时间和金钱投入到改善自身皮肤与外貌形象之中。
feature
/ˈfiːtʃər/
n.
📖 英文释义 · 词义解析
A noticeable or important part of something, especially the face.
面貌特征，特点
💬 课本原句例句
Andrews in Scotland, men regularly show to preference for women with certain features.
对称的面部特征通常被跨文化的人们普遍视为具有吸引力的健康标志。
gender
/ˈdʒendər/
n.
📖 英文释义 · 词义解析
The male or female sex, especially regarding cultural distinctions.
性别
💬 课本原句例句
A behavior more commonly associated with the opposite gender in many cultures.
不同文化中对于男性与女性各自应该展现怎样的审美特征有着截然不同的期望。
notion
/ˈnoʊʃn/
n.
📖 英文释义 · 词义解析
An idea, belief, or opinion about something.
概念，观念，见解
💬 课本原句例句
Not everyone agrees with this notion, however, our hard-wiredness can be altered by all sorts of expectations, predominantly cultural, says sea-looring brace, and anthropologist at the University of Michigan.
我们关于什么是“美”的观念并不是一成不变的，而是在历史长河中持续演变。
subjective
/səbˈdʒektɪv/
adj.
📖 英文释义 · 词义解析
Based on personal opinions, feelings, or tastes rather than facts.
主观的
💬 课本原句例句
For them, what is considered beautiful is subjective, and varies around the world.
美通常被认为是非常主观的，正如谚语所说：“情人眼里出西施”。
uniform
/ˈjuːnɪfɔːrm/
adj./n.
📖 英文释义 · 词义解析
Remaining the same in all cases and at all times; not varying.
统一的，一致的
💬 课本原句例句
Although there do seem to be certain physical traits that are considered universally appealing, it is also true that beauty does not always conform to a single uniform standard.
全球化媒体正使得世界各地年轻人对美的期待呈现出前所未有的统一趋势。
📖 课文原文 · What Is Beauty?
Paragraph A
What is beauty?
The search for beauty spans centuries and continents.
Paintings of Egyptians dating back over 4,000 years show both men and women painting their nails and wearing makeup.
On the other side of the globe, the ancient Maya of Central America considered cross-dies beautiful and hung little balls between children's eyes to develop this look.
In 18th century France, wealthy noblemen wore large wigs of long-white hair to make themselves attractive.
In cultures throughout the world, people have gone to extreme lengths to achieve beauty.
Today, people continue to devote a lot of time and money to their appearance.
Paragraph B
According to a recent report, one out of three consumers globally say they are spending more money on beauty and health care products than ever before.
Worldwide, sales of makeup, dieting, hair and skin care products, as well as gym memberships and cosmetic surgery, generate billions of dollars every year.
And there is at least one good reason for the desire to be attractive.
Beauty is power.
Studies suggest that good-looking people make more money, get called on more often in class, and are perceived as friendlier.
Paragraph C
But what exactly is beauty?
Trying to define it is difficult, and yet we know it when we see it.
Or so we think.
Beauty is health, says one psychologist, it's a billboard saying, I'm healthy.
I can pass on your jeans, and our awareness of it may start at a very early age.
In one set of studies, six-month-old babies were shown a series of photographs.
The faces in the pictures had been rated for attractiveness by a group of college students.
In the studies, the babies spent more time looking at the attractive faces than the unattractive ones.
The idea that even babies' judge appearance makes perfect sense to many researchers.
Paragraph D
In studies done by psychologists, such as Victor Johnston at New Mexico State University, and David Perrette at the University of St.
Andrews in Scotland, men regularly show to preference for women with certain features.
Larger eyes, clear skin, fuller lips, and a smaller nose in chin.
Another study suggests that women prefer men with large shoulders and a narrow waist.
According to scientists, the mind unconsciously tells men and women that these traits, the full lips, clear skin, strong shoulders, equal health, and genetic well-being.
In other words, it's a fundamental part of human nature to look for these qualities in a mate.
Not everyone agrees with this notion, however, our hard-wiredness can be altered by all sorts of expectations,
Paragraph E
predominantly cultural, says sea-looring brace, and anthropologist at the University of Michigan.
What is considered attractive in one culture might not be in another?
Look in most Western fashion magazines, for example, and the women on the pages are thin.
But is this the perfect body type for women worldwide?
Paragraph F
Douglas U, a biologist from Great Britain, and Glenn Shepherd, an anthropologist at the University of California at Berkeley, say no.
For them, what is considered beautiful is subjective, and varies around the world.
You and Shepherd found in one study, for example, that native peoples in Southeast Peru preferred shapes regarded as overweight in Western cultures.
Take another example.
In every culture, one's hair style sends a clear message.
In the holy culture of Papua Nugini, men grow their hair long as a symbol of health and strength.
Teenage boys in this culture learn from a young age to style and decorate their hair.
A behavior more commonly associated with the opposite gender in many cultures.
Paragraph G
It is also the men in this culture who are the objects of beauty.
For certain festivals and celebrations, men dress up and paint their faces.
The more colorful a man is, the more masculine and attractive he is considered.
For better or worse, beauty plays a role in our lives.
But it is extremely difficult to define exactly what makes one person attractive to another.
Although there do seem to be certain physical traits that are considered universally appealing, it is also true that beauty does not always conform to a single uniform standard.
In the end, beauty really is, as the saying goes, in the eye of the beholder.
📝 课文精读与官方理解题库 (Reading Comprehension & Skills)
得分: 0 / 24 题
🎯 预习练习完成进度
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📘 P.24 Before You Read
📑 P.28 Comprehension A
🔍 P.28 Paragraph Scanning
📝 P.29 Skill: Note Completion
💡 P.29 Supporting Claims
🤔 P.29 Critical Thinking
📘 第一部分：Before You Read 课前思考预习题 (Page 24)
共 6 题
A. Read the statements about beauty. Check (✓) the ones you agree with. Then discuss your answers with a partner.
（阅读关于外貌审美的观点陈述，选择你的态度立场。）
P24 Before You Read · Q1
1. I spend a lot of time thinking about my appearance.
（陈述：我平时花很多时间关注和思考自己的外貌与打扮。）
（陈述：我平时花很多时间关注和思考自己的外貌与打扮。）
P24 Before You Read · Q2
2. I think good-looking people have easier lives than other people.
（陈述：我认为相貌出众的人生活通常比其他人更轻松顺遂。）
（陈述：我认为相貌出众的人生活通常比其他人更轻松顺遂。）
P24 Before You Read · Q3
3. I think it’s fine for men to wear makeup.
（陈述：我认为男士化妆是完全正常且无可厚非的。）
（陈述：我认为男士化妆是完全正常且无可厚非的。）
P24 Before You Read · Q4
4. Women are judged on their looks more than men are.
（陈述：女性在社会中所遭受的外貌评判普遍多于男性。）
（陈述：女性在社会中所遭受的外貌评判普遍多于男性。）
B. Discussion & Previewing: Answer these questions, then check your ideas with the passage.
P24 Before You Read · Q5
5. Do you think people around the world probably have similar ideas about beauty and appearance? Why or why not?
（你认为全球各地的人们对外貌美丑有着相似的看法吗？）
（你认为全球各地的人们对外貌美丑有着相似的看法吗？）
P24 Before You Read · Q6
6. In what ways do you think society and culture influence how we perceive, or regard, beauty?
（你认为社会与文化以何种方式影响我们对“美”的认知与感知？）
（你认为社会与文化以何种方式影响我们对“美”的认知与感知？）
📑 第二部分：Page 28 · Reading Comprehension Part A (课文理解 1~5)
共 5 题 · 单项选择
Instruction: Choose the best answer for each question. （为每个问题选择最佳答案。）
P28 Comprehension · Q1
1. 【GIST · 主旨题】What is this reading mainly about?
（这篇文章的核心主旨是什么？）
（这篇文章的核心主旨是什么？）
P28 Comprehension · Q2
2. 【DETAIL · 细节题】The ancient Maya hung balls between children’s eyes ________. (Paragraph A)
（古代玛雅人在小孩子的双眼之间挂小球是为了什么？）
（古代玛雅人在小孩子的双眼之间挂小球是为了什么？）
P28 Comprehension · Q3
3. 【DETAIL · 细节题】In paragraph C, the babies in the study ________.
（在段落 C 中，参与研究的婴儿表现出了什么特征？）
（在段落 C 中，参与研究的婴儿表现出了什么特征？）
P28 Comprehension · Q4
4. 【VOCABULARY · 词义理解题】In the second sentence of paragraph E, predominantly can be replaced with ________.
（在段落 E 第二句中，副词 predominantly 可以被下列哪个词替换？）
（在段落 E 第二句中，副词 predominantly 可以被下列哪个词替换？）
P28 Comprehension · Q5
5. 【DETAIL · 细节题】What determines the beauty of a Huli man in Papua New Guinea? (Paragraph F)
（在巴布亚新几内亚的胡利文化中，什么决定了一名男子的魅力与美貌？）
（在巴布亚新几内亚的胡利文化中，什么决定了一名男子的魅力与美貌？）
🔍 Page 28 · Comprehension Part B: Scanning for Information (段落信息定位)
共 6 题 · 段落匹配 (A–F)
Instruction: Which paragraphs of the reading passage (A–F) contain the following information? （课文中的哪一段 A–F 包含了下列信息？）
P28 Part B · Q1
1. an argument that culture plays a part in perceptions of beauty
（论点：文化在审美感知与标准中发挥着关键塑造作用）
（论点：文化在审美感知与标准中发挥着关键塑造作用）
P28 Part B · Q2
2. an explanation of how some standards of beauty might be universal
（解释：阐述为什么某些特定的审美标准可能具有跨文化的普遍性）
（解释：阐述为什么某些特定的审美标准可能具有跨文化的普遍性）
P28 Part B · Q3
3. a definition of beauty
（定义：引述心理学家对“美”的明确科学定义）
（定义：引述心理学家对“美”的明确科学定义）
P28 Part B · Q4
4. a reference to the beauty-care industry
（提及：现代庞大的美容个护产业与巨额消费数据）
（提及：现代庞大的美容个护产业与巨额消费数据）
P28 Part B · Q5
5. an example of a culture where men wear makeup
（示例：一个男性盛装打扮并彩绘面部的生动文化实例）
（示例：一个男性盛装打扮并彩绘面部的生动文化实例）
P28 Part B · Q6
6. a time frame
（时间范围：提及跨越数千年的明确历史纪年）
（时间范围：提及跨越数千年的明确历史纪年）
🧩 第三部分：Page 29 · Reading Skill: Analyzing a Writer's Claims (分析作者论据)
共 8 题 · 技能实战与批判思考
📖 Reading Skill Strategy: Analyzing a Writer’s Claims (分析作者的论断与论据支持)
A reading passage may contain one or more claims—statements that suggest something is true or real—made by the writer. As a reader, it’s important to evaluate these claims to see how well they are supported. There are several ways to support a claim:
A reading passage may contain one or more claims—statements that suggest something is true or real—made by the writer. As a reader, it’s important to evaluate these claims to see how well they are supported. There are several ways to support a claim:
- • Reason: 解释原因（如某些整容手术变得更加实惠可及）。
- • Example: 列举实例（如真人秀节目呈现了整容的积极面）。
- • Statistics: 引用权威统计数据（如全美整形外科学会 1750 万次整容手术数据）。
- • Expert opinion: 援引专家学者权威论断（如资深外科医生的专业观察）。
A. Look back at paragraphs A–C in the reading passage to complete these student notes. (Page 29)
P29 Reading Skill · Part A · 1
1. “The search for beauty spans centuries and continents.” (Para A)
• Egyptian 4,000 y.o. paintings show ppl w/ painted 1. ________
• Egyptian 4,000 y.o. paintings show ppl w/ painted 1. ________
P29 Reading Skill · Part A · 2
2. “The search for beauty spans centuries and continents.” (Para A)
• 18th c. French noblemen wore large white 2. ________
• 18th c. French noblemen wore large white 2. ________
P29 Reading Skill · Part A · 3
3. “Today, people continue to devote a lot of time and money...” (Para B)
• 1 out of 3. ________ people spending more money on beauty & health products
• 1 out of 3. ________ people spending more money on beauty & health products
P29 Reading Skill · Part A · 4
4. “Today, people continue to devote a lot of time and money...” (Para B)
• 4. ________ of $$$ in sales of beauty products + services worldwide
• 4. ________ of $$$ in sales of beauty products + services worldwide
P29 Reading Skill · Part A · 5
5. “[O]ur awareness of it may start at a very early age.” (Para C)
• 5. ________-month-old babies spent more time looking at attractive faces than unattractive ones
• 5. ________-month-old babies spent more time looking at attractive faces than unattractive ones
💡 Page 29 · Part B: Analyzing How Writer Supports Claims
论据支持解析
P29 Part B · Claims
6. The writer makes claims that perceptions of beauty may or may not be universal. How does the writer support these claims?
（作者断言对美的感知可能具有普遍性，也可能因文化而异。作者是如何支持这些论断的？）
（作者断言对美的感知可能具有普遍性，也可能因文化而异。作者是如何支持这些论断的？）
🤔 Page 29 · Critical Thinking: Evaluating Claims (批判性思维探究)
共 2 题
P29 Critical Thinking · Q1
7. What do you think the expression “Beauty is in the eye of the beholder” (paragraph G) means?
（英语谚语“Beauty is in the eye of the beholder”[情人眼里出西施/美在于观察者的眼中]具体含义是什么？）
（英语谚语“Beauty is in the eye of the beholder”[情人眼里出西施/美在于观察者的眼中]具体含义是什么？）
💡 Critical Thinking: Real-life Examples (生活实例探究)
Can you think of some examples to support the opinion that “Beauty is in the eye of the beholder”?
（你能举出身边的生活实例来支持“美是因人而异的”这一观点吗？）
（你能举出身边的生活实例来支持“美是因人而异的”这一观点吗？）
【Teacher’s Guide 官方参考范例】：
“One example is that I really like short hair, and so when Allison cut her long hair short, I thought it looked great. But Maria thought it looked awful. We all have our own opinions about what is beautiful.”
（例如，当艾莉森把长发剪短时，我觉得太好看了；但玛丽亚却觉得很难看。每个人对外表都有自己独特的审美标准。）
“One example is that I really like short hair, and so when Allison cut her long hair short, I thought it looked great. But Maria thought it looked awful. We all have our own opinions about what is beautiful.”
（例如，当艾莉森把长发剪短时，我觉得太好看了；但玛丽亚却觉得很难看。每个人对外表都有自己独特的审美标准。）
📘 核心词汇矩阵与跟读打卡
associate with
0
/əˈsoʊʃieɪt wɪð/
phr.
To connect someone or something in your mind with another thing.
conform
0
/kənˈfɔːrm/
v.
To behave according to the usual standards, rules, or social expectations.
consumer
0
/kənˈsuːmər/
n.
A person who buys goods or services for personal use.
desire
0
/dɪˈzaɪər/
n./v.
A strong feeling of wanting to have or do something.
devote
0
/dɪˈvoʊt/
v.
To give time, effort, or resources entirely to a purpose.
feature
0
/ˈfiːtʃər/
n.
A noticeable or important part of something, especially the face.
gender
0
/ˈdʒendər/
n.
The male or female sex, especially regarding cultural distinctions.
notion
0
/ˈnoʊʃn/
n.
An idea, belief, or opinion about something.
subjective
0
/səbˈdʒektɪv/
adj.
Based on personal opinions, feelings, or tastes rather than facts.
uniform
0
/ˈjuːnɪfɔːrm/
adj./n.
Remaining the same in all cases and at all times; not varying.
✍️ 单元词汇专项强化 (Vocabulary Practice)
得分: 0 / 14 题
🎯 复习练习完成进度
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📘 A. 语篇选词填空 · The Body Shop 创始人故事 (Page 30)
共 5 题 · 需注意词形变化
Word Bank: [associate with] [conform] [consumer] [devote] [gender] [notion]
Complete the information using the correct form of the words. One word is extra.
P30 Part A · Q1
1. Throughout her career she refused to ________ to business practices that she saw as destructive to the environment.
（在她的职业生涯中，她拒绝顺从那些在她看来会破坏环境的商业常规。）
（在她的职业生涯中，她拒绝顺从那些在她看来会破坏环境的商业常规。）
P30 Part A · Q2
2. Roddick believed in the ________ that “business can and must be a force for positive social change.”
（罗迪克坚信这样一种观念：“企业能够并且必须成为推动社会积极变革的力量。”）
（罗迪克坚信这样一种观念：“企业能够并且必须成为推动社会积极变革的力量。”）
P30 Part A · Q3
3. These beliefs meant her company ________ time and money to raising awareness of the need to protect the environment.
（这些信念意味着她的公司投入了大量时间和金钱来提高公众的环保意识。）
（这些信念意味着她的公司投入了大量时间和金钱来提高公众的环保意识。）
P30 Part A · Q4
4. She supported developing countries, and created more environmentally friendly beauty products for ________ to buy.
（她支持发展中国家，并为消费者研发了更加环保的美容护肤产品。）
（她支持发展中国家，并为消费者研发了更加环保的美容护肤产品。）
P30 Part A · Q5
5. While Roddick is most closely ________ The Body Shop, she also started a charity to help children in various parts of the world.
（尽管罗迪克最常与 The Body Shop 联系在一起，她还创立了一项慈善基金帮助全球儿童。）
（尽管罗迪克最常与 The Body Shop 联系在一起，她还创立了一项慈善基金帮助全球儿童。）
📗 B. 语境选词练习 (Page 30)
共 5 题 · 需注意单复数
Word Bank: [desire] [feature] [gender] [notion] [subjective] [uniform]
Complete the sentences using the correct form of the words. One word is extra.
P30 Part B · Q1
1. People don’t have ________ ideas on what beauty is; opinions vary greatly.
（人们对何为美并没有统一的看法；观点差异极大。）
（人们对何为美并没有统一的看法；观点差异极大。）
P30 Part B · Q2
2. Nowadays, many people of both ________ buy and use cosmetics.
（如今，两种性别的很多人都会购买并使用化妆品。）
（如今，两种性别的很多人都会购买并使用化妆品。）
P30 Part B · Q3
3. People use makeup to enhance their ________—for example, by using blush to make their cheeks look pinker and healthier.
（人们使用化妆品来突显自己的容貌特征——例如使用腮红让脸颊看起来更粉嫩健康。）
（人们使用化妆品来突显自己的容貌特征——例如使用腮红让脸颊看起来更粉嫩健康。）
P30 Part B · Q4
4. Our ideas about beauty are highly ________; what one person finds attractive may be unattractive to another.
（我们对美的看法是高度主观的；一人眼中的魅力在另一人眼中可能毫无吸引力。）
（我们对美的看法是高度主观的；一人眼中的魅力在另一人眼中可能毫无吸引力。）
P30 Part B · Q5
5. The ________ to look young has led to a boom in sales of anti-aging products.
（保持年轻容貌的强烈渴望引发了抗衰老产品销量的激增。）
（保持年轻容貌的强烈渴望引发了抗衰老产品销量的激增。）
📕 C. Word Link · 词根拓展: form = shape (Page 30)
共 4 题 · 词形变换
💡 Word Link Strategy (词根 form = shape 形状/形态):
The word root form, as in uniform, means “shape.”
Word Bank:
The word root form, as in uniform, means “shape.”
Word Bank:
deformed (畸形的) format (排版/格式) conform (顺从/符合) transform (彻底改变) uniform (统一的)
P30 Part C · Q1
1. There isn’t a ________ standard for indicating shoe size—a men’s size 10 in the U.K is a size 9 in Mexico and a size 273 in Korea.
（鞋码标示并没有一个全球统一的标准。）
（鞋码标示并没有一个全球统一的标准。）
P30 Part C · Q2
2. Students are expected to ________ to the rules and regulations written in the school handbook.
（学生们应当遵守并遵从学生手册中所载明的规章制度。）
（学生们应当遵守并遵从学生手册中所载明的规章制度。）
P30 Part C · Q3
3. Volunteers ________ the old warehouse into an exciting art space.
（志愿者们将旧仓库彻底改造成了一个充满活力激情的艺术空间。）
（志愿者们将旧仓库彻底改造成了一个充满活力激情的艺术空间。）
P30 Part C · Q4
4. Many colleges expect essays to be ________ in 12-point font.
（许多大学要求论文采用 12 号字体进行排版格式化。）
（许多大学要求论文采用 12 号字体进行排版格式化。）
🏆 3. Honor Certificate 课后荣誉通关证书
🏆 Reading Explorer 3 · 2A 荣誉通关证书
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