RE5 Unit 6 Video · LIFE ON ICE (冰冻方舟·冷冻生物库) 视频研读与大满贯 · TKid 英语

🎬 视频双语精读对照表 (Subtitle Script)

0:08

Museums are really the archives of scientific knowledge.

冰冻动物园与深低温冷冻库正在保存地球生物圈的宝贵遗传种子。

0:15

We think that the future of meeting the needs of 21st century biology will be about frozen

科学家们利用液氮将濒危动物的生殖细胞和活组织样本保存在摄氏零下196度的超低温环境中。

0:19

tissues, life on ice.

未来研究人员随时可以调用这些冷冻样本进行基因组测序、毒理学研究甚至体细胞克隆。

0:23

The Smithsonian has just built the largest natural history biorepository in the world.

从微小的无脊椎动物到大型哺乳动物，冷冻方舟确保物种绝不因灭绝而彻底湮灭。

0:28

Biologists are going to be spending a lot of the next few decades sequencing the genomes

每一个小小的冷冻安瓿，都承载着数百万年自然进化的基因智慧。

0:33

of many kinds of life on earth.

冷冻生物技术为野外灭绝物种保留了有朝一日重返自然的生命契机。

0:36

We're in the field out at Edgewater, Maryland, which is the Smithsonian Environmental Research

冷冻生物技术为野外灭绝物种保留了有朝一日重返自然的生命契机。

0:41

Center, and we're here to start working out the methods for how you put life on ice.

冷冻生物技术为野外灭绝物种保留了有朝一日重返自然的生命契机。

0:46

You might ask, so why do we do this?

冷冻生物技术为野外灭绝物种保留了有朝一日重返自然的生命契机。

0:48

Well, as a scientist, the main reason is that I want to understand the history and the diversity

冷冻生物技术为野外灭绝物种保留了有朝一日重返自然的生命契机。

0:52

of life on earth.

冷冻生物技术为野外灭绝物种保留了有朝一日重返自然的生命契机。

0:53

For 300 years, we've been studying the morphology of animals, the behavior of animals, the ecology

冷冻生物技术为野外灭绝物种保留了有朝一日重返自然的生命契机。

0:58

of animals.

冷冻生物技术为野外灭绝物种保留了有朝一日重返自然的生命契机。

1:00

What we've discovered in the last 20 is that all of those things leave signals in their

冷冻生物技术为野外灭绝物种保留了有朝一日重返自然的生命契机。

1:04

genomes.

冷冻生物技术为野外灭绝物种保留了有朝一日重返自然的生命契机。

1:06

So, there are a couple of really hard problems we haven't been able to solve with classical

冷冻生物技术为野外灭绝物种保留了有朝一日重返自然的生命契机。

1:09

data, and we think that genomic data is the way to solve all those problems.

冷冻生物技术为野外灭绝物种保留了有朝一日重返自然的生命契机。

1:17

Got him, got him.

冷冻生物技术为野外灭绝物种保留了有朝一日重返自然的生命契机。

1:23

That looks like a Luke Calgary.

冷冻生物技术为野外灭绝物种保留了有朝一日重返自然的生命契机。

1:26

Yeah.

冷冻生物技术为野外灭绝物种保留了有朝一日重返自然的生命契机。

1:28

That's one.

冷冻生物技术为野外灭绝物种保留了有朝一日重返自然的生命契机。

1:30

We'll be catching spiders live and then plunging them directly into liquid nitrogen, which,

冷冻生物技术为野外灭绝物种保留了有朝一日重返自然的生命契机。

1:33

by the way, is a very fast and painless way to go.

冷冻生物技术为野外灭绝物种保留了有朝一日重返自然的生命契机。

1:36

It's instanto.

冷冻生物技术为野外灭绝物种保留了有朝一日重返自然的生命契机。

1:38

Ready?

冷冻生物技术为野外灭绝物种保留了有朝一日重返自然的生命契机。

1:40

So, this is sacrificing the spiders.

冷冻生物技术为野外灭绝物种保留了有朝一日重返自然的生命契机。

1:44

Do you hear that?

冷冻生物技术为野外灭绝物种保留了有朝一日重返自然的生命契机。

1:48

More oil in the way.

冷冻生物技术为野外灭绝物种保留了有朝一日重返自然的生命契机。

1:50

Why care about spider genomes?

冷冻生物技术为野外灭绝物种保留了有朝一日重返自然的生命契机。

1:51

It's two obvious reasons are silk and poison.

冷冻生物技术为野外灭绝物种保留了有朝一日重返自然的生命契机。

1:54

They have some of the most elaborate and precise poisons of any organism on earth.

冷冻生物技术为野外灭绝物种保留了有朝一日重返自然的生命契机。

1:59

They're widely used in neurobiology research, so that you can see the mechanism of how

冷冻生物技术为野外灭绝物种保留了有朝一日重返自然的生命契机。

2:05

the poison affects cells and, say, in a human body.

冷冻生物技术为野外灭绝物种保留了有朝一日重返自然的生命契机。

2:08

So we think nature is a library of solutions that are waiting to be discovered.

冷冻生物技术为野外灭绝物种保留了有朝一日重返自然的生命契机。

2:16

Museums are repositories of all sorts of information that people have used in the past

冷冻生物技术为野外灭绝物种保留了有朝一日重返自然的生命契机。

2:21

and haven't used yet, so we're adding to a museum collection in a different way than

冷冻生物技术为野外灭绝物种保留了有朝一日重返自然的生命契机。

2:27

has been traditional, and basically, museums will have specimens in ethanol, they'll have

冷冻生物技术为野外灭绝物种保留了有朝一日重返自然的生命契机。

2:32

specimens that are dried and pinned, they'll have specimens that are in drawers, and they'll

冷冻生物技术为野外灭绝物种保留了有朝一日重返自然的生命契机。

2:37

have specimens that are in the biorepository and liquid nitrogen.

冷冻生物技术为野外灭绝物种保留了有朝一日重返自然的生命契机。

2:39

So, to me, it seems a normal thing for a museum to be doing, which is to be adding to

冷冻生物技术为野外灭绝物种保留了有朝一日重返自然的生命契机。

2:45

its collection.

冷冻生物技术为野外灭绝物种保留了有朝一日重返自然的生命契机。

2:52

The liquid nitrogen tanks hold tens of thousands of samples at minus 190.

冷冻生物技术为野外灭绝物种保留了有朝一日重返自然的生命契机。

2:58

At the moment, liquid nitrogen is the gold standard for long-term and by long-term, the

冷冻生物技术为野外灭绝物种保留了有朝一日重返自然的生命契机。

3:04

Smithsonian is in the forever business.

冷冻生物技术为野外灭绝物种保留了有朝一日重返自然的生命契机。

3:06

Now we're starting to centralize our frozen tissue collections, so we're somewhere between

冷冻生物技术为野外灭绝物种保留了有朝一日重返自然的生命契机。

3:11

200,000 and a half a million samples.

冷冻生物技术为野外灭绝物种保留了有朝一日重返自然的生命契机。

3:15

The reason we do this is people like to do genomic work, they do file genetics, they

冷冻生物技术为野外灭绝物种保留了有朝一日重返自然的生命契机。

3:20

do toxicology work with our samples, so researchers request samples, and we actually go in and

冷冻生物技术为野外灭绝物种保留了有朝一日重返自然的生命契机。

3:28

we pull samples out, we cut a small piece of it, and send them out to the researchers.

冷冻生物技术为野外灭绝物种保留了有朝一日重返自然的生命契机。

3:33

Every time science jumps to a new phase, the museums will follow it, because technology

冷冻生物技术为野外灭绝物种保留了有朝一日重返自然的生命契机。

3:39

of doing genome sequencing is advancing rapidly.

冷冻生物技术为野外灭绝物种保留了有朝一日重返自然的生命契机。

3:43

By building a library of frozen tissues where you can do genomics of life on Earth, we'll

冷冻生物技术为野外灭绝物种保留了有朝一日重返自然的生命契机。

3:49

be doing what museums have always done, it's just to concentrate life into a collection

冷冻生物技术为野外灭绝物种保留了有朝一日重返自然的生命契机。

3:53

that will support research.

冷冻生物技术为野外灭绝物种保留了有朝一日重返自然的生命契机。

📝 视频全真评估 (Video Comprehension)

Part A: Before You Watch · 生物保存术语 (P.138) Part B: While You Watch · 冰冻冷库事实细节 (P.138) Part C: Video Vocabulary Review · 综合词汇精练 (P.138)

测验总得分: 0 / 18 题

Part A: Before You Watch · 科学术语匹配 (P.138)

1. What temperature is liquid nitrogen maintained at inside the cryogenic preservation tanks?

2. Why do genetic researchers cryopreserve living cell lines from critically endangered species?

3. What is the process of extracting and cataloging microscopic DNA data called?

4. What specialized preserving technique was historically applied to dried insect collections?

Part B: While You Watch · 视频事实细节 (P.138)

1. What primary research benefit is unlocked by having deep-frozen tissue samples?

2. What chemical medium is used to freeze and indefinitely suspend cellular decay?

3. How do field researchers ensure sample collection from live animals causes zero suffering?

4. What fascinating natural materials were extracted from spider and venomous insect specimens?

5. What is the estimated total inventory of cataloged specimens housed inside the modern cryobank?

6. What is the fundamental conservation message of the Frozen Ark project?

💡 Critical Thinking & Discussion · 现代动物园与冷冻方舟的角色 (P.138)

Conservation Ethics: Do you believe zoos and cryogenic bio-vaults represent humanity's best strategy to safeguard species from extinction?

Teacher's Guide · 权威参考观点

Zoos as modern-day conservation arks provide a vital genetic buffer, provided all creatures receive equitable stewardship. However, ex-situ preservation must always be complemented by militant in-situ wild habitat defense.

Part C: Video Vocabulary Review · 综合词汇测验 (P.138)

1. Which word means 'causing great surprise, wonder, or sudden astonishment'?

2. Which noun refers to 'working jointly with others in an intellectual or conservation endeavor'?

3. Which adjective means 'likely to occur immediately or threatening in the near future'?

4. Which word denotes 'a protected haven or safe place shielded from environmental peril'?

5. Which adjective describes animals 'confined, caged, or bred in human enclosures'?

6. Which noun means 'the permanent state of being forgotten, extinct, or completely erased'?

7. Which word describes 'causing distinct injury, harm, or disadvantage to living beings'?

8. Which verb means 'to pull or haul heavy loads or large quantities of biological catch'?