🎯 目标词汇发音与释义 (Target Vocabulary)

data /ˈdeɪtə/ n.
📖 英文释义 · 词义解析
Facts and statistics collected together for reference or analysis.
数据，资料
💬 课本原句例句
Scientists reviewed the data but could find no evidence of anything unusual preceding the quake.
来自全球地震台网的高精度传感器每秒都在实时收集并上传海量的地壳应变数据。
detect /dɪˈtekt/ v.
📖 英文释义 · 词义解析
To discover or identify the presence of something.
察觉，检测，侦测到
💬 课本原句例句
If we can detect these early slips taking place deep in the Earth's crust, we may be able to predict the next big quake.
高灵敏度仪器在大断裂带深处侦测到了微弱而密集的微震活动信号。
foundation /faʊnˈdeɪʃn/ n.
📖 英文释义 · 词义解析
The solid underground base that supports a building.
地基，基础
💬 课本原句例句
Buildings are firmly attached to foundations using special heavy-duty steel bolts to resist earthquakes.
建筑物使用特殊的重型钢螺栓牢固地固定在基础上，以抵御地震。
laboratory /ləˈbɒrətri/ n.
📖 英文释义 · 词义解析
A room or building equipped for scientific experiments and research.
实验室
💬 课本原句例句
Now, Yuki Kato, a scientist at the earthquake research institute, says his laboratory experiments show that before a fault in the Earth's crust finally breaks and causes an earthquake, it slips just a little.
科学家在先进的地下实验室中模拟超高压力下的断层岩石滑动剪切破裂机制。
massive /ˈmæsɪv/ adj.
📖 英文释义 · 词义解析
Exceptionally large, heavy, and solid in scale.
巨大的，大规模的
💬 课本原句例句
The theory is that stress is building up in this zone, which could lead to a massive quake.
俯冲板块边界积蓄数十年的巨大能量一旦骤然释放，便会引发海啸级的超强地震。
precise /prɪˈsaɪs/ adj.
📖 英文释义 · 词义解析
Marked by exactness and accuracy of expression or detail.
精确的，准确的
💬 课本原句例句
The desire for a precise prediction of time in place has led to another theory, the idea of pre-slip.
现代卫星遥感GPS定位系统使得科学家能以毫米级的极高精度测算出板块每年移动的距离。
random /ˈrændəm/ adj.
📖 英文释义 · 词义解析
Made, done, or happening without method or conscious choice.
随机的，随意的
💬 课本原句例句
Perhaps the most important question scientists need to answer is this, are they clear patterns in earthquakes or are they basically random and impossible to predict?
大地震在地质历史上究竟是具有周期性规律，还是完全不可预测的随机突发事件？
schedule /ˈskedʒuːl/ n./v.
📖 英文释义 · 词义解析
A plan that lists tasks and the times when they should happen.
日程，计划表；安排
💬 课本原句例句
When a quake did finally hit on September 28, 2004, it was years off schedule, but most disappointing was the lack of warning signs.
长期以来地质学家希望找到能够按照明确时间表预测大地震来临的可靠前兆。
track /træk/ v./n.
📖 英文释义 · 词义解析
To follow the movement or progress of something over time.
追踪，追踪轨迹
💬 课本原句例句
If this is so, in the future we may be able to track the Earth's movements and design early warning systems that allow us to predict when a quake will happen and in doing so prevent the loss of life.
气象卫星与浮标阵列紧密协同，持续追踪可能由海底板块滑坡诱发的海啸波扩散路径。
zone /zoʊn/ n.
📖 英文释义 · 词义解析
An area or stretch of land having a particular characteristic.
地带，区域
💬 课本原句例句
The theory is that stress is building up in this zone, which could lead to a massive quake.
环太平洋“火之环”地带集中了全球80%以上的强烈地震与火山喷发活动。

📖 课文原文 · Is Prediction Possible?

Paragraph A
Is prediction possible? Never before have so many people packed into cities, places such as Los Angeles, Istanbul, Tokyo and Lima, that are regularly affected by earthquakes. Located near the edge of Earth's huge shifting plates, these cities face the risk of serious damage and economic disaster from large quakes, as well as the tsunamis, fires and other kinds of destruction they often cause.
Paragraph B
We understand earthquakes better than we did a century ago, scientists would like to be able to predict them, but is this possible? Today, some of the simplest questions about earthquakes are still difficult to answer. Why do they start? What makes them stop? Perhaps the most important question scientists need to answer is this, are they clear patterns in earthquakes or are they basically random and impossible to predict? In Japan, government scientists say they have an answer to the question. We believe that earthquake prediction is possible, says Koshun Yamaoka, a scientist at the earthquake research institute at the University of Tokyo. In fact, Japan has already predicted where its next great earthquake will be. The region of Tokyo, southwest of Tokyo. Here, two plate boundaries have generated huge earthquakes every 100 to 150 years, but there hasn't been a major quake here since 1854.
Paragraph C
The theory is that stress is building up in this zone, which could lead to a massive quake. Unfortunately, this is more a forecast than a prediction. It's one thing to say that an earthquake is likely to happen in a high-risk area. It's another to predict exactly where and when the quake will occur. The desire for a precise prediction of time in place has led to another theory, the idea of pre-slip. Now, Yuki Kato, a scientist at the earthquake research institute, says his laboratory experiments show that before a fault in the Earth's crust finally breaks and causes an earthquake, it slips just a little. If we can detect these early slips taking place deep in the Earth's crust, we may be able to predict the next big quake.
Paragraph D
Close in the desert. Scientists working in Parkfield, California are also trying to see if predicting earthquakes is possible. They've chosen the town of Parkfield, not only because the San Andreas fault runs through it, but because it's known for having earthquakes quite regularly, approximately every 22 years. In the late 1980s, scientists in Parkfield decided to study the fault to see if there were any warning signs prior to a quake. To do this, they drilled deep into the fault and set up equipment to register activity, then they waited for the quake. Year after year nothing happened. When a quake did finally hit on September 28, 2004, it was years off schedule, but most disappointing was the lack of warning signs. Scientists reviewed the data but could find no evidence of anything unusual preceding the quake.
Paragraph E
It led many to believe that perhaps earthquakes really are random events. Instead of giving up, scientists in Parkfield dug deeper into the ground. By late summer 2005, they had reached the fault's final depth of three kilometers, where they continued collecting data, hoping to find a clue. And then they found something. In an article published in the July 2008 journal Nature, the researchers in Parkfield claimed to have detected small changes in the fault, shortly before an earthquake hit. What had they noticed? Just before a quake, the cracks in the fault had widened slightly. Scientists registered the first changes 10 hours before an earthquake of 3.0 on the Rick Discale hit. They identified identical signs 2 hours before a 1.0 quake.
Paragraph F
Demonstrating that perhaps the pre-slip theory is correct. In other words, it may in fact be possible to predict an earthquake. Although there is still a long way to go, it appears from the research being done all over the world that earthquakes are not entirely random. If this is so, in the future we may be able to track the Earth's movements and design early warning systems that allow us to predict when a quake will happen and in doing so prevent the loss of life.
Paragraph G
Living with the threat. Building for protection. In many of the world's at-risk cities, new structures are designed to survive earthquakes. However, for older structures, engineers need to innovate. These changes help to make the structures stronger, which will reduce damage and allow for quicker repairs. Waves of destruction. An earthquake's waves come in two forms. P-waves, yellow, arrive fastest and compress and punch the rock. S-waves, red, a slower but more destructive. They move from side to side to shake and destroy buildings. At the ground level, P and S-waves combine to produce surface waves that crack windows and even destroy bridges.

📝 课文精读与官方理解题库 (Reading Comprehension & Skills)

得分: 0 / 24 题
🎯 预习练习完成进度 0%
📘 P.64 Before You Read 📑 P.68 Comprehension A 🔍 P.68 Summary Statements 📊 P.69 Infographics Analysis 🏗 P.69 Innovations Matching 〰️ P.69 Wave Types 🤔 P.69 Critical Thinking
📘 第一部分：Before You Read 地震风险图读图预习 (Page 64) 共 4 题
P64 Before You Read · Q1
1. Much of southern Europe has a moderate risk of earthquakes.
（欧洲南部大部分地区处于中度地震风险之中。）
P64 Before You Read · Q2
2. People living along the east coasts of North and South America are often affected by earthquakes.
（生活在南北美洲东海岸的人们经常受到地震影响。）
P64 Before You Read · Q3
3. Australia has a low or moderate probability of earthquakes.
（澳大利亚发生地震的概率为低或中等。）
P64 Part B · Scanning
4. Does the author of this passage think that predicting earthquakes is possible?
（本文作者是否认为预测地震是可能的？）
📑 第二部分：Reading Comprehension A 多项选择题 (Page 68) 共 5 题 · 官方标准多选
P68 Comprehension · Q1
1. What is the reading mainly about?
（这篇文章的核心主旨是什么？）
P68 Comprehension · Q2
2. Which of the following is closest in meaning to the reading’s first sentence, beginning Never before have . . . ?
（下列哪项与文章首句“Never before have so many people been packed into cities...”意思最相近？）
P68 Comprehension · Q3
3. In paragraph E, line 5, what does 'do this' refer to?
（在段落 E 第5行中，“do this”指代什么？）
P68 Comprehension · Q4
4. Which of the following statements is NOT true?
（关于文章内容，下列哪项陈述是不真实的？）
P68 Comprehension · Q5
5. What is the main idea of paragraph H?
（段落 H 的核心思想是什么？）
🔍 第三部分：Part B 全文主旨三陈述提炼 (Page 68) 共 3 题 · 五选三重要主旨
Complete this brief summary of the passage with the statements (a–e) that express the most important ideas:
P68 Part B · Summary 1
1. Core Idea Statement 1: ________.
（核心摘要陈述 1）
P68 Part B · Summary 2
2. Core Idea Statement 2: ________.
（核心摘要陈述 2）
P68 Part B · Summary 3
3. Core Idea Statement 3: ________.
（核心摘要陈述 3）
📊 第四部分：Reading Skill 读懂信息图表 (Page 69) 共 2 题 · Analyzing Infographics
P69 Skill Part A · 描述 1
1. Which is one of the two best descriptions of the infographic 'Living with the Threat'?
（关于信息图《与威胁共存》，以下哪项是最佳概括之一？）
P69 Skill Part A · 描述 2
2. Which is the other of the two best descriptions of the infographic 'Living with the Threat'?
（另一项最佳概括是：）
🏗 第五部分：抗震工程创新技术匹配 (Page 69) 共 6 题 · 技术与适用建筑物配对
P69 Part B · 1. Steel bolts
1. Steel bolts (高强度钢质锚栓) 最适合保护：________.
（将其固定在混凝土基座上）
P69 Part B · 2. Flexible joints
2. Flexible joints (柔性伸缩接头) 最适合保护：________.
（允许管道和隧道发生扭曲位移而不破裂）
P69 Part B · 3. Shock absorbers
3. Shock absorbers (基础隔震减震阻尼器) 最适合保护：________.
（由橡胶与钢板交替层叠构成以吸收侧向能量）
P69 Part B · 4. Protective tubes
4. Protective tubes (高强度保护套管) 最适合保护：________.
（包裹公用设施以防地层剪切拉断）
P69 Part B · 5. Micropiles
5. Micropiles (深层微型高强抗震桩) 最适合保护：________.
（深扎入坚硬岩层提供极限抗拔承载力）
P69 Part B · 6. Steel skeletons
6. Steel skeletons (高强度钢结构骨架) 最适合保护：________.
（轻质且具备极佳抗侧力延性）
〰️ 第六部分：Waves of Destruction 毁灭之波类型 (Page 69) 共 3 题 · 三大地震波特征
P69 Part C · 1. P-wave
1. What are the key characteristics of a P-wave (Primary wave 初至纵波)?
（P波的核心物理传播特性是什么？）
P69 Part C · 2. S-wave
2. What are the key characteristics of an S-wave (Secondary wave 次至横波)?
（S波的核心物理传播特性是什么？）
P69 Part C · 3. Surface wave
3. What are the key characteristics of a Surface wave (面波)?
（面波的核心物理传播特性是什么？）
🤔 第七部分：Critical Thinking 避震安全策略 (Page 69) 共 1 题 · 官方安全指引
P69 Critical Thinking · Q1
1. Where is the safest place to be during an earthquake according to structural safety experts?
（地震发生时，最安全的避难所在哪里？）

📘 核心词汇矩阵与跟读打卡

data 0
/ˈdeɪtə/ n.
Facts and statistics collected together for reference or analysis.
detect 0
/dɪˈtekt/ v.
To discover or identify the presence of something.
foundation 0
/faʊnˈdeɪʃn/ n.
The solid underground base that supports a building.
laboratory 0
/ləˈbɒrətri/ n.
A room or building equipped for scientific experiments and research.
massive 0
/ˈmæsɪv/ adj.
Exceptionally large, heavy, and solid in scale.
precise 0
/prɪˈsaɪs/ adj.
Marked by exactness and accuracy of expression or detail.
random 0
/ˈrændəm/ adj.
Made, done, or happening without method or conscious choice.
schedule 0
/ˈskedʒuːl/ n./v.
A plan that lists tasks and the times when they should happen.
track 0
/træk/ v./n.
To follow the movement or progress of something over time.
zone 0
/zoʊn/ n.
An area or stretch of land having a particular characteristic.

✍️ 单元词汇深度专项训练 (Vocabulary Practice)

得分: 0 / 12 题
🎯 复习练习完成进度 0%
📘 Part A: 动物能否感知地震 📗 Part B: 实验室与犬类预警 📕 Part C: Schedule 黄金搭配
📘 A. 语篇选词填空 · 动物真能预感地震吗？ (Page 70) 共 5 题 · 五选五
Word Bank: [massive] [random] [schedule] [track] [zone]
P70 Part A · Q1
1a. Earthquakes are hard to predict because they don’t seem to follow any regular pattern or ________.
（地震极难预测，因为它们似乎并不遵循任何固定规律或______。）
P70 Part A · Q2
1b. they occur almost at ________.
（它们的发生几乎完全是______的。）
P70 Part A · Q3
2a. Scientists who ________ the movements of the Earth’s crust believe...
（时刻______地壳运动的科学家们坚信……）
P70 Part A · Q4
2b. ...that a ________ earthquake, known as “the Big One,” will eventually hit southern California.
（……一场被称为“大地震”的______地震终将降临加州南部。）
P70 Part A · Q5
3. Research found only two dead buffaloes in a large wildlife conservation ________ in Sri Lanka.
（震后调查发现，斯里兰卡一处大型野生动物保护______内仅有两只水牛遇难。）
📗 B. 科学实验与精确预测 · 犬类先知 (Page 70) 共 4 题 · 五选四
Word Bank: [data] [detect] [foundation] [laboratory] [precise]
One word is extra. Complete the information with words from the box.
P70 Part B · Q1
1. Researchers conducting experiments in a ________, as well as those observing animals...
（在______中开展实验的研究人员，以及观察现实动物的学者指出……）
P70 Part B · Q2
2. Mitsuaki Ota claims that dogs can ________ early signs of earthquakes about three hours before they happen.
（太田光明教授声称，犬类能在地震发生前约三小时______到早期征兆。）
P70 Part B · Q3
3. Some scientists are confident that with additional research ________...
（部分科学家坚信，凭借更多补充的科研______……）
P70 Part B · Q4
4. ...more ________ predictions are possible.
（……更加______的地震预测是完全可能的。）
📕 C. Word Partners 高频搭配 · Noun "schedule" (Page 70) 共 3 题 · 常用词组
Word Bank: [behind] [busy] [on] [regular] [work]
P70 Part C · Q1
1. Construction companies prefer building projects to be ________ schedule and under budget.
（建筑施工公司都希望工程项目能______按进度完成且不超预算。）
P70 Part C · Q2
2. Many office workers complain that they have very ________ schedules with too many meetings.
（许多上班族抱怨他们的日程安排太______，会议开不完。）
P70 Part C · Q3
3. Winter weather can cause trains and buses to run ________ schedule.
（冬季恶劣天气会导致火车和巴士出现延误、______原定时刻运行。）
🏆 LESSON ACCOMPLISHED

Unit 4B 专属学霸荣誉证书

Is Prediction Possible? · 地震预测探索 沉浸研学大满贯
0 / 24
课文预习题得分
0 / 12
词汇深度复习分
10 / 10
核心学术词掌握
0%
综合正确率
“Never before have so many people been packed into cities in earthquake zones. Further research will likely help us avoid loss of life.”
进入 Unit 4 拓展视频: Earthquakes 101 ➔