🪄 8A 词汇表
admire
/ədˈmaɪər/
v.
📖 英文释义 · 词义解析
To respect and approve of someone or their behavior, or look at something with pleasure.
钦佩，赞赏，欣赏
💬 课本原句例句
He admired the Khan’s recently completed new capital—Daidu—whose streets were “so straight and so broad.” The city was located in what is now the center of Beijing, and Kublai Khan’s city planning can still be perceived in the straight, broad streets of China’s modern capital.
站在古老宏伟的遗迹废墟前，远道而来的旅人们不由自主地驻足赞赏古代工匠的惊人智慧。
consider
/kənˈsɪd.ər/
v.
📖 英文释义 · 词义解析
To spend time thinking about a possibility or making a decision.
考虑，斟酌，认为
💬 课本原句例句
It is likely that the Khan considered it an honor that these Europeans—who were rare in China— had made this extremely difficult journey, and he took the opportunity to make good use of their skills and knowledge.
在踏上未知的漫长异国探险之旅前，旅行家们必须深思熟虑沿途可能遭遇的种种生存挑战。
informal
/ɪnˈfɔː.məl/
adj.
📖 英文释义 · 词义解析
Not formal or official; suitable for everyday situations.
非正式的，通俗的，随意的
💬 课本原句例句
Kublai Khan was surprisingly informal as he greeted his tired guests: “Welcome, gentlemen!
他在笔记本上用轻松通俗的非正式随笔笔调，真实记录下了在沿途集市中的各种有趣奇遇。
journal
/ˈdʒɜː.nəl/
n.
📖 英文释义 · 词义解析
A written record of what you have done each day, like a diary.
日志，日记，期刊
💬 课本原句例句
In his travel journal, he wrote that Kublai Khan’s palace was the greatest he had ever seen.
这本泛黄斑驳的亲笔旅行日记成为了后世历史学家复原中世纪丝绸之路风貌的无价瑰宝。
objective
/əbˈdʒek.tɪv/
adj./n.
📖 英文释义 · 词义解析
Based on real facts and not influenced by personal beliefs or feelings.
客观的；目标
💬 课本原句例句
The Polos—Marco, his father, Niccolò, and his uncle, Maffeo—had been traveling for three and a half years when they finally achieved their objective—a long-awaited meeting with the powerful Mongol leader Kublai Khan.
优秀的科学考察队员在记录未知地理风貌和动植物物种时，必须力求保持客观严谨的态度。
observation
/ˌɒb.zəˈveɪ.ʃən/
n.
📖 英文释义 · 词义解析
The act of observing something or someone carefully in order to gain information.
观察，观察记录
💬 课本原句例句
Marco continued his observations while on the ocean voyage by way of Sumatra and India.
达尔文根据在加拉帕戈斯群岛上数月细致入微的实地生态观察记录，最终构想出了生物进化论。
perceive
/pəˈsiːv/
v.
📖 英文释义 · 词义解析
To notice something or come to be aware of something through the senses.
感知，察觉，认为
💬 课本原句例句
He admired the Khan’s recently completed new capital—Daidu—whose streets were “so straight and so broad.” The city was located in what is now the center of Beijing, and Kublai Khan’s city planning can still be perceived in the straight, broad streets of China’s modern capital.
长期在荒野跋涉的探险家往往能够敏锐地感知到周遭天气骤变和潜在野兽潜伏的微弱危险预兆。
permission
/pəˈmɪʃ.ən/
n.
📖 英文释义 · 词义解析
If you have permission to do something, someone in authority allows you to do it.
许可，准许，批准
💬 课本原句例句
Although the Khan did not want his visitors to leave, the Polos finally received permission to return home in 1292.
科考探险队在获得沿途当地苏丹酋长亲自签署的通行特许后，才得以深入内陆进行测绘。
undertake
/ˌʌn.dəˈteɪk/
v.
📖 英文释义 · 词义解析
To do or begin to do something, especially something that will take a long time or be difficult.
承担，从事，着手做
💬 课本原句例句
They made themselves useful to the Khan, and undertook various missions and tasks for him.
在交通极其落后的数百年前，敢于孤身一人着手承担跨越数万里重洋的环球远征是一项惊世壮举。
voyage
/ˈvɔɪ.ɪdʒ/
n.
📖 英文释义 · 词义解析
A long journey, especially by ship, to a distant or unfamiliar place.
航行，长途航程
💬 课本原句例句
Marco continued his observations while on the ocean voyage by way of Sumatra and India.
伟大的航海家伊本·白图泰耗费了近三十年光阴，完成了一场遍历亚非欧大陆的史诗级传奇航程。
📖 课文原文 · An Incredible Journey
Paragraph A
The Polos—Marco, his father, Niccolò, and his uncle, Maffeo—had been traveling for three and a half years when they finally achieved their objective—a long-awaited meeting with the powerful Mongol leader Kublai Khan.
The historic event took place in 1275 at the Khan’s luxurious summer capital in Shangdu, in what is now northern China.
Kublai Khan was surprisingly informal as he greeted his tired guests: “Welcome, gentlemen! Please stand up. How’ve you been? How was the trip?”
Paragraph B
Marco Polo’s trip had, in fact, started more than 9,000 kilometers away in Venice when he was just a teenager.
His father and uncle already knew Kublai Khan from a previous visit nine years earlier, when they had spent a short time in Shangdu.
On this second trip, the Polos stayed for 17 years before they returned home.
They made themselves useful to the Khan, and undertook various missions and tasks for him.
It is likely that the Khan considered it an honor that these Europeans—who were rare in China—had made this extremely difficult journey, and he took the opportunity to make good use of their skills and knowledge.
Paragraph C
While he was in the service of Kublai Khan, “the most powerful man in people and in lands and in treasure that ever was in the world,” Marco Polo was able to learn and experience many things that were new to Europeans.
In his travel journal, he wrote that Kublai Khan’s palace was the greatest he had ever seen.
He admired the Khan’s recently completed new capital—Daidu—whose streets were “so straight and so broad.”
The city was located in what is now the center of Beijing, and Kublai Khan’s city planning can still be perceived in the straight, broad streets of China’s modern capital.
Paragraph D
We learn from Marco Polo that, in the administration of his empire, Kublai Khan made use of a fast and simple message system.
Horse riders spaced every 40 kilometers allowed messages to cover 500 kilometers a day.
As soon as one horse had run 40 kilometers, the next horse would run the next 40 kilometers, and so on.
Marco also learned the secret of asbestos cloth, which is made from a mineral and doesn’t catch fire.
Paper money also took him by surprise, since it was not yet used in the West at that time.
Homes were heated with “black stones … which burn like logs.”
Those stones were coal—unknown in most of Europe—and were so plentiful that many people had a hot bath three times a week.
Paragraph E
Although the Khan did not want his visitors to leave, the Polos finally received permission to return home in 1292.
Marco continued his observations while on the ocean voyage by way of Sumatra and India.
After he returned home, Marco completed a book about his trip, full of details about his amazing cultural experiences.
It was probably the single greatest contribution to geographical knowledge ever made to the West about the East.
📌 课本原版注释 (Footnotes):
1: The capital of a country is the city where its government meets. (国家的首都是其政府所在地。)
2: A mission is an important task, especially one that involves traveling. (使命是一项重要任务，尤其是需要长途奔波的任务。)
3: Something that is an honor is special and desirable. (带来荣耀的事物是特别且令人向往的。)
4: A mineral is a substance that is found naturally in rocks and in the earth. (矿物是天然存在于岩石和地层中的物质。)
得分: 0
Before You Read · p.118
A. Who are some of history’s greatest explorers? What journeys did they take?
1. B. How long did Marco Polo spend traveling in Asia and serving Kublai Khan?
Reading Comprehension · p.122
A. Choose the best answer for each question.
1. What is the main topic of Reading A?
2. According to paragraph B, why did Marco Polo’s father and uncle travel east?
3. How did Kublai Khan treat the Polos when they arrived in Beijing?
4. According to paragraph D, how was Marco Polo’s famous travel book produced?
5. What impact did Marco Polo’s book have on later European explorers like Christopher Columbus?
B. Put these key events from Marco Polo’s life in chronological order (1–5).
1. Event 1
2. Event 2
3. Event 3
4. Event 4
5. Event 5
Reading Skill · p.123
Reading Skill Strategy
Distinguishing Fact from Legend
Historical accounts often blend documented evidence with legendary tales.
Look for objective dates and archeological records versus anecdotal hearsay.
A. Fact vs Legend in Marco Polo’s accounts.
1. Marco Polo served in the court of Kublai Khan.
2. He brought back magical rocks that burned like charcoal (coal).
Critical Thinking · Historical Doubts. Some skeptics wonder why Marco Polo never mentioned the Great Wall or chopsticks. What is your opinion?
📘 8A 核心词汇
点击发音跟读，展开中文释义检查记忆。
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中文释义
钦佩，赞赏，欣赏跟读 0 次
中文释义
考虑，斟酌，认为跟读 0 次
中文释义
非正式的，通俗的，随意的跟读 0 次
中文释义
日志，日记，期刊跟读 0 次
中文释义
客观的；目标跟读 0 次
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观察，观察记录跟读 0 次
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感知，察觉，认为跟读 0 次
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许可，准许，批准跟读 0 次
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承担，从事，着手做跟读 0 次
中文释义
航行，长途航程得分: 0
Vocabulary Practice A · p.124
Complete the sentences using words from the box.
adviser · imperial · magnificent · merchant · territory
adviser · imperial · magnificent · merchant · territory
1. Marco Polo served as a diplomatic ______ to the Great Khan.
2. The Polos explored vast ______ across central Asia.
3. The Khan resided in a ______ palace adorned with gold.
4. Marco Polo’s father was a wealthy Venetian ______.
5. The Emperor sent envoys with ______ seals granting safe passage.
Vocabulary Practice B · Definitions
Choose the correct word or definition.
1. An envoy is someone sent to ______.
2. To dictate a story means to ______.
3. A chronicle is an account of ______.
Vocabulary Practice C · Prefixes with “mis-”
The prefix mis- means “wrongly” or “badly.” Complete with the correct word.
misbehaved · misheard · misplaced · misspelled
misbehaved · misheard · misplaced · misspelled
1. He ______ the foreign place name on the map.
2. The traveler ______ his passport in the market.
3. The unruly crew ______ during the voyage.
4. The guide ______ the instructions in the noisy crowd.
🏆 Reading Explorer 2 · 8A 荣誉通关证书
An Incredible Journey (不可思议的旅程)
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