🪄 5B 词汇表
access
/ˈæk.ses/
n./v.
📖 英文释义 · 词义解析
The right, opportunity, or ability to enter, use, or see something.
进入，获取，使用权
💬 课本原句例句
During that time, the temperature is just about warm enough to soften the frozen ground, allowing easier access to the fossils.
在陡峭狭窄的高山岩壁上，修缮工人们需要依靠特殊攀登绳索才能接近修复作业区域。
collection
/kəˈlek.ʃən/
n.
📖 英文释义 · 词义解析
A group of objects or people brought together in one place.
收藏，藏品，聚集
💬 课本原句例句
His shelves became filled with a growing collection of fossils.
这座历史悠久的国家博物馆中保存着全美最为丰富壮观的雕刻艺术珍品藏品。
entire
/ɪnˈtaɪər/
adj.
📖 英文释义 · 词义解析
Whole or complete, with nothing missing.
整个的，全部的
💬 课本原句例句
Then it becomes impossible to recreate the entire animal: “We have to identify the entire animal from individual pieces.” Each of Hurum’s expeditions also requires a lot of preparation.
历经十余年风吹日晒，整座庞大花岗岩山体表面的雕像维护工程终于圆满竣工。
eventually
/ɪˈven.tʃu.ə.li/
adv.
📖 英文释义 · 词义解析
In the end, especially after a long time or a lot of effort.
最终，终于
💬 课本原句例句
After removing about 60 tons of rock by hand, Hurum and his team eventually dug out an enormous fossil.
在克服了资金断绝与极端恶劣天气的重重挑战后，工人们最终完成了这项伟大的纪念碑工程。
individual
/ˌɪn.dɪˈvɪdʒ.u.əl/
n./adj.
📖 英文释义 · 词义解析
A single person, especially when considered separately from other people.
个人，个体；单独的
💬 课本原句例句
Then it becomes impossible to recreate the entire animal: “We have to identify the entire animal from individual pieces.” Each of Hurum’s expeditions also requires a lot of preparation.
虽然每个人养成的具体生活习惯各不相同，但习惯回路在大脑神经元中所遵循的底层神经运作机制却惊人一致。
preparation
/ˌprep.ərˈeɪ.ʃən/
n.
📖 英文释义 · 词义解析
The things that you do or the time that you spend preparing for something.
准备，预备
💬 课本原句例句
Then it becomes impossible to recreate the entire animal: “We have to identify the entire animal from individual pieces.” Each of Hurum’s expeditions also requires a lot of preparation.
在每次实施炸药爆破削减多余山体岩石之前，工程师们都要进行长达数周的精细数学测算与准备。
productive
/prəˈdʌk.tɪv/
adj.
📖 英文释义 · 词义解析
Resulting in or accomplishing a large amount or good results.
富有成效的，多产的
💬 课本原句例句
There is also less wind, and the “midnight sun” makes it easy for the scientists to have long, productive days.
在干燥晴朗的夏季施工窗口期，施工队能够达到全年中最高效的雕凿产出。
remote
/rɪˈməʊt/
adj.
📖 英文释义 · 词义解析
Far away in distance, time, or relation; secluded.
偏远的，偏僻的
💬 课本原句例句
In the hills of this cold and remote region, Hurum and his team have found the fossils of many sea creatures.
由于拉什莫尔山坐落于偏僻闭塞的黑山森林腹地，最初运送重型施工设备极其困难。
remove
/rɪˈmuːv/
v.
📖 英文释义 · 词义解析
To take something or someone away from somewhere.
移除，清除，去掉
💬 课本原句例句
After removing about 60 tons of rock by hand, Hurum and his team eventually dug out an enormous fossil.
工人们利用精巧的小型炸药剥离清除了重达数十万吨的坚硬花岗岩碎石。
soften
/ˈsɒf.ən/
v.
📖 英文释义 · 词义解析
To make something become softer, smoother, or less severe.
软化，缓和
💬 课本原句例句
During that time, the temperature is just about warm enough to soften the frozen ground, allowing easier access to the fossils.
水汽侵蚀与反复冻融作用会逐渐软化坚硬的岩层节理，导致雕像产生微小裂纹。
📖 课文原文 · The Stories in the Rocks
Paragraph A
When he was just six years old, Jørn Hurum turned his bedroom into a small museum.
His shelves became filled with a growing collection of fossils.
For Hurum, these fossils were not just rocks, but things that could tell the history of life on this planet.
He imagined them saying, “I am not a rock. I am a fossil. I have a story to tell.”
Paragraph B
Hurum earned a PhD in paleontology in his native Norway.
Since then, he has been on expeditions seeking fossils all over the world.
Much of his work has been carried out in Svalbard, a group of Norwegian islands north of the Arctic Circle.
In the hills of this cold and remote region, Hurum and his team have found the fossils of many sea creatures.
It might seem surprising to find the remains of such animals at the tops of hills, but in prehistoric times, these areas were actually seabeds about 100 meters deep.
Paragraph C
Hurum has returned to Svalbard many times.
The “dig season” in the region is very short—from July to August.
During that time, the temperature is just about warm enough to soften the frozen ground, allowing easier access to the fossils.
There is also less wind, and the “midnight sun” makes it easy for the scientists to have long, productive days.
Paragraph D
Even a dream job has its challenges, however.
“Sometimes, we find ‘explodasaurus,’” he says.
The team may find many broken bone pieces spread across a hillside.
Then it becomes impossible to recreate the entire animal: “We have to identify the entire animal from individual pieces.”
Each of Hurum’s expeditions also requires a lot of preparation.
“We have between 15 and 20 people, tons of equipment—food, jackhammers, water,” he explains.
“There’s a lot of work before you start the cool thing.”
Paragraph E
For Hurum, the “cool thing,” is the act of discovery.
In 2006, his team made its greatest discovery so far.
After removing about 60 tons of rock by hand, Hurum and his team eventually dug out an enormous fossil.
“We knew immediately this was something special,” says Hurum.
“The large pieces of bone … told us that this was big.”
It was a plesiosaur—a prehistoric sea monster with teeth the size of cucumbers.
The fossil was not complete, but it included a front flipper, a shoulder, and pieces of skull and neck.
Paragraph F
For Hurum, the discovery of this 15-meter-long creature—nicknamed “Predator X”—was an amazing moment.
“It’s like one of those scratch-off lottery tickets every time you dig,” he explains.
“Sometimes, you start digging and you might just find part of a skull or other bone.
Sometimes, you find the skull and the vertebra … Then you know it’s a jackpot!”
📌 课本原版注释 (Footnotes):
1: The remains of something are the parts of it that are left once it has been destroyed or taken away. (某物的遗存或遗骸是指在其被破坏或带走后遗留下来的部分。)
2: Jackhammers are large tools used for breaking up rocks. (凿岩机是用于破碎岩石的大型风镐工具。)
得分: 0
Before You Read · p.77
A. Read the information. Match the words with their definitions.
expedition · predators · paleontologists
expedition · predators · paleontologists
1. expedition
2. predators
3. paleontologists
B. Jørn Hurum is a Norwegian paleontologist who searches for marine reptiles in the Arctic. How is his work similar to Mary Anning’s?
Reading Comprehension · p.80
A. Choose the best answer for each question.
1. What is the main topic of the reading passage?
2. According to paragraph B, why did Hurum become interested in paleontology?
3. Why can Hurum and his team only dig for fossils during a short window in August?
4. According to paragraph D, what makes working on Svalbard particularly dangerous?
5. What was “Predator X”?
B. Complete the answers using one to three words from the passage.
1. How do team members remove the final layers of rock from delicate fossils?
2. Where did young Hurum display his childhood fossil collection?
3. What name does the team give to their brief summer field period?
4. Besides safety gear, what essential supplies must the helicopter bring?
Reading Skill · p.81
Reading Skill Strategy
Word Roots and Affixes
Recognizing prefixes (pre-, un-) and suffixes (-tion, -ist, -en) helps you deduce the meaning and part of speech of unfamiliar academic words.
A. Match each affixed word to its meaning.
1. prehistoric
2. collection
3. scientist
4. soften
Critical Thinking · Field Challenges. What personal qualities does a paleontologist need to endure working in Svalbard?
📘 5B 核心词汇
点击发音跟读，展开中文释义检查记忆。
跟读 0 次
中文释义
进入，获取，使用权跟读 0 次
中文释义
收藏，藏品，聚集跟读 0 次
中文释义
整个的，全部的跟读 0 次
中文释义
最终，终于跟读 0 次
中文释义
个人，个体；单独的跟读 0 次
中文释义
准备，预备跟读 0 次
中文释义
富有成效的，多产的跟读 0 次
中文释义
偏远的，偏僻的跟读 0 次
中文释义
移除，清除，去掉跟读 0 次
中文释义
软化，缓和得分: 0
Vocabulary Practice A · p.82
Complete the sentences using words from the box.
access · collection · entire · eventually · individual · productive
access · collection · entire · eventually · individual · productive
1. The helicopter provided the only ______ to the remote mountain site.
2. The team spent the ______ summer digging in Arctic Svalbard.
3. After weeks of hard digging, they ______ found the skull.
4. The field season was highly ______ with over 40 fossil sites discovered.
5. Hurum’s private ______ includes minerals from across Norway.
6. Each ______ bone was carefully labeled and packed in plaster.
Vocabulary Practice B · Definitions
Choose the correct word to complete each sentence.
preparation · remote · remove · softens
preparation · remote · remove · softens
1. Svalbard is a ______ Arctic archipelago far from human cities.
2. Careful ______ is necessary before embarking on an Arctic expedition.
3. Workers must gently ______ rock layers from around the fossil.
4. Warm liquid glue ______ the hard plaster when unwrapping fossils in the lab.
Vocabulary Practice C · Collocations with “access”
The noun access collocates with specific verbs. Complete the sentences with provide, gain, or denied.
1. The helicopter will ______ access to the island.
2. Researchers hope to ______ access to the restricted reserve.
3. Unauthorized visitors were ______ access to the dig site.
🏆 Reading Explorer 2 · 5B 荣誉通关证书
The Stories in the Rocks (岩石中的故事)
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